Turning lathe



June 10, 1947. .11. L. BETZEN 2,422,071

` TURNING LATHE Filed July 8, 1944 4 Sheets-Shet 2 IN VENT 0R.

Jam; L BETzEN.

June'lo, 1947. L, BE'TZEN l2,422,071

TURNING LATHE INVENTOR- n JOHN L. B E T z E N..

J. L. BETzEN 2,422,071 v i TURNING LATHE June 10, 1947.

Filed July 8, 1944 4 sheets-shui 4 A Y .www w ai; ww mf vIVVENTOR.

Patented June 10, 1947 -UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TURNING LATIVIE Johnllil. Betzen, Wichita, Kans. Application July 8, 1944, Serial No. 544,019

This invention relates to improvementsain turning lathes and has for its principal object the elimination of va conventional bedas .avconductor for thecuttingytool carriage and tail stock. While in .this invention the same areparried. floatingly by hingeswhereby. va comparatively large portion of: material and yexpensive machine; ylabor is eliminated. A

Aiurther objectfof this invention is to hydraulically operate the cutting tool head for its accurate.positionzuponthe work, and to Vary the position bypower actuatedmeans.

. Ae stillfurtherebject of thisinven-tion is to construct a turning latheinfrsuh a way as to economize floonspace ferite installation. in a ftoryl. :l 1" 21532, i. ,l

These andjother-'objeots will: herein after .be moreully explained, reference being had to the acoompanyingf drawings pforrning a part; .of this speciieation,Y .and'fin ewhichfy like oharacters will apply-...to like, parte. lin ;the1-dii'lerei1 tviews, and thesaidturning lathe hereinafter; referred .tot as lathe... 5 n I f Referring-to thedrawingsngAA f LET-ig.r l is a plan View of the lathe.

....lig.v 2..;is anrenlargedg sectional view taken on zrvvziinFigwl( -g ,1' Fig. 3 is a side View of the lathe. ma A; }.ig..3Ay is ,a modication for the hinge memb Eig .1i-is anzendview ,offthe lathe. lflFig, 5 is an enlargedfeross sectiongoi the cylinder taken on line.-5.-,in,-Fig.,-

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= .Figi 6: is fameplargedfseotional :vier/*italien lon line -f-E-.in 4; s 1 i EigI is ani enlarged; `section al yiew. taken on line -1-.-:'hin.Fig. 3.

.. .Figi 8 mean-.enlarged sectionalv -view taken-.on

Fig. 9, is.I .anvv enlarged sectionaltview-talgren -on line Sie-9 -n Eig. ,1. .Fig 10 fis an enlarged sectional yiew through the Vhydraulic valves.

. .A Fig.. 11-is =an enlarged section throughrthe, pump 1 Claim. (01.2944232 cured therein as turning means for said work 3, one end of which extends outward of the gear housing vwhile the other end. portion .is pivotally carried by a zconventional tail stock .5, engaged vby a-.turret.6... f.

At onesideof the..said work is positioned, a cutting tool carriage 'I and a power transmitting means carried inwerking relationto the tool carriage byhinges later. described..

.K It-will nowbeseen that the turret, tool carriage and power :actuation fon-the tool carriage are arrangedto float. ontheir respective pair of hinges 9v and.9',l0 and Ill', IIv and I I'., respeotively, and thehinges ofeaeh fpai-r being .transversely applied to eachother forrectilinear movement, except the pair. of hinges I I. .and I If lin..Wl.,1.ol..1.one. end. of hin-gel I isA rockably-secured to lagnorizontal rockingjelernent I2 to carrytl'le*outer end of the carriage actuatorion anar@ as shown bran. arrow whereby the tool carriage iusslantingly positioned with. respect tothe. turninseXiS. of the. Work Car- Iied .by .the latllf, .and a. PSOH .T0011 i3 .and .its cylinderV i4 will likewise respond to the arcuate movement as the cylinder is pivotedly connected at its longitudinal center to `a shelf I5 Athatis carried. 10x/...the gear-@usine .While @brother end offtherodlI- hasia ball and socket Yto fconnect thesamegto thev carriage lactuator y 8. .`It wi11. also be see1 fthat the saidhorizontal .rockingelenient I2 for the hui-Ange I I olonsistsof `aA cylindrical rnember ll2 rockablyensaged inthe outer end. of an arm ,Ijthat,issecuredgtothe gear ratio housing and the said cylindrical .member I2 has a` flange A at itsupper end vtolresrt on the arniinV which the cylinder isl rockablylengaged, the lowerend ofwhichf extends outwardffrom the armand beingthreaded to engage an annular threaded collarfl'laslocking means for-thecylinder against rotation when s electivelyset and vthe ,said extension has a lug-Btoengage theV end. of. the hinge. To turnlth'e lcollar there is provided a pair of handlesCu oppositely .disposed and pointing outward frornfthe periphery thereof as shown in Figs.fl;and 3. ,f n*

Positioned rearward of the turret and tail stock isfa..cylinder l18, the axis of which is downward from theaXis of the tail stock butin vparallelism therewith, said cylinder being/carried by a channel for*I eye heani.; .I 9 .secured thereto` `and angling downward and4 forward to where itconnects to the pedestaland having an intermediate .brace member 20 connected thereto` and to said pedestal whereby, the cylinderisrigidly supported for its function'. said cylinder..has= a piston rod v.z l, the Outer: ond of Whichis attached to thebase por- 3 tion of the turret to move the same toward and from the chuck of the lathe to centrally engage the pivot point of the tail stock with the work, and the said cylinder has pipe connections to operate the same as hereinafter specified.

At the other end of the lathe is an oil tank 22 carried by the pedestal in working relation to a pump 23, and an electrically driven motor 24 to operate the pump, and the said power-actuating means for the cutting tool carriage consists of a body portion 8 being bored to function as a cylinder and havingra piston 25 to slide therein reciprocatingly, said piston having a rod 26 outwardly extending and being connected to the tool" carriage to move the same toward and from the work carried by the lathe. There is also providedY f ing on its outer end a dial 3| having graduations marks spaced therearound as shown in Fig. 4. The body adjacent the dial is likewise graduately marked to register with the graduations on the dial whereby the movement of the tool rock may be computed with respect to its distance toward and from the work, and the graduation on both dial and body may be numbered with respect to Y a fraction of an inch, the numbers not being shown in the drawings, and likewise the angle of the tool carriage and its power actuater may be computed by placing graduations on both the ilange of the cylindrical member I2 and the arm in registry with each other so that the degree of rock may be computed.

It will be seen that a pipe system as conductors for hydraulic fluid is illustrated in Fig. 1, showing their relative position in connection with the diii'erent cylinders, the analysis of which is as follows:

it will also be seen that'the gear pump 23 of a conventional type is employed to circulate the hydraulic fluid, the direction of lnow being indicated by arrows in Fig. 11, and as heretofore stated the energy of the pump is actuated by the electric motor as circulating and compressing means for the hydraulic fluid as taken from the tank through a supply pipe 32 and ejecting the same through pipe 33 as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 11 to energize the movement of the piston in cylinder I8 and to drive the turret toward the chuck so that the tail stock will engage the end of the work adjacent thereto wherein a bypass core 34 in a valve 35 is turned to inject the force of circulation in at the rear end of the cylinder to drive its piston toward the front end and at the same time a similar core in valve r36 is turned to exhaustV the pressure from the front end in coaction with the rst said valve.

To reverse the movement of the piston, the core in valve 36 is turned to eject its force of power in the forward end of the cylinder and at the same time the core in valve 35 is turned to permit an outward circulation for its end of the cylinder whereby when Athe tailstock is properly tensioned with the work the piston is retained stationarily, the core of both being turned to seal their respective connections with the cylinder against further circulation.

It will be seen that the pressure 1.111.@ 33 has, e.

lateral 31 capable of communicating with the valve 3B when the other valve is closed. In thisV instance the form of the core of the valve 36 is capable of closing lateral 38 whereby the piston is moved rearwardly and'when moved in the other direction or forward, the core in valve 3B is turned to close lateral 31 so that the pressure exhausts through lateral 38 and its return line 39, and in coaction with its movement valve 35 is turned to closey returnpipe 39 Fand permit the pressure pipe 33 to communicate with thel outer end of the cylinder and so on to move the piston in a direction selectively, and to theY extent required to stationarily support the tail stock. It

is true however that the tail stock may be changed to a drill bit carried by the turret to drill the `work axially, in this event the drill bit is stationary against rotation while the work is being turned, and the valves just explained being capable of a gradual advance and retraction of the drill bit. Y

It will be understood that the piston movements in cylinder i4 and cylinder of the block 'body 8, each have their own respective pair of pair of valves are flexible as illustrated to accommodate for a predetermined rocked position of the tool carriage and its power transmitting 'A means simultaneously. Y

To clarify the principle of the valve core and its communicating pipes, it will be seen in Fig. 10, that the core is set for the return pipe while the pressure pipe is closed and the core may be rocked anti-clockwise to close the return and communicate with the intake and pressure line simultaneously, and the pipe system can be closed against circulation by anti-clockwise turn-of the core;so that the outlet port of the core will be infregistery with the'solid wall of the valve between the pressure and exhaust pipe connections with the valve, while the connections 40 of the valves with the cylinders remainopen but locked against circulation. Y

When the circulation is locked and the motor driving the pump, excess pressure will be built up, therefor a safety device is placed in the pipelines in close relation to the pump where the pressure line and the return pipe is connected by a lateral 4I that has a conical valve 42 in the end thereof where it communicatesV with the return pipe, said valve having a stem 43 secured to a head that ts closely in an outwardly extending lstud 44, the outer end of which isY closed by a plug 45 threadedly engaging therein to adjust the tension of a coil spring 46 positioned between the end of the plug' and head whereby an excess pressure in the pressure line is relieved by opening the .conical valve to permit circulation, the pressure maintained for service being controlled by tension of the spring which is free to permit circulation as above stated.

Inasmuch as 'stability relies upon the hinges heretofore described it will be seen in Fig. 2 that the joints have conical roller bearings 41 and shims 48 to adjust the bearings. Inasmuch as the bearings extend outward from the edge of the hinge there is provided plates 49 having a bearing race formed in the end to receive conical spindles 5e integral with one leaf of the hinge` Y to engage with their respective conical rollers and to make the adjustment above referred to the plates are removably connected by bolts 5l extending through the leaf of the hinges and said plates as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

In Fig. 8 is shown a body element 52 polygonal in form and having a spindle 53 axially extending upward upon which is seated the turret element, and being secured by a cap 54 internally threaded to engage with the threads of the spindle while the rim of the cap bears upon the body of the turret to bind the saine securely, said cap having a handle 55 to turn the cap whereby the turret may be turned so that its connecting elements will axially align with the chuck, and has connections adapted to carry tools of different kinds such as drill bits and tail stocks and the outer ends of hinges 9 and 9 are rockably connected to the body element to carry the same toward and from the chuck by action of its cylinders piston heretofore described and the hinges adapted to respond to the movement and being the floating means for the turret along the plane of an axis with the chuck.

The tool carriage is of a conventional type as illustrated in Fig. 9, consisting of an element rectangular in cross section that has a spindle 50 extending upward therefrom on which an apertured member will engage and a cap member 51 axially bored to lit on the spindle 56 whereby a clamp is formed for a cutting tool 58 outwardly extending therefrom and being secured by the cap internally threaded and having a handle 59 to turn the same to loosen the tool or lock it at a desired angle with respect to the turning axis of the work.

In Fig. 3A is shown a hinge 9" modified which consists of three members to collapse in like manner to that of the hinges otherwise shown, and other modifications may be employed as lie within the scope of the appended claim.

Having fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

In turning lathes comprising in combination a pedestal having a gear housing on its upper extremity, and a chuck journalled in the housing,

a turret and tail stock in axial alignment with the chuck, a motor actuated hydraulic pump, and an arm carried by the pedestal, said arm being positioned below the turning axis of the chuck and extending outward at right angle therefrom, a cutting tool carriage positioned in working relation to the turning axis of the chuck, and a leaf hinge to carry the cutting tool carriage in its movement toward and from the turning axis, one leaf of the hinge being rockably secured to the pedestal, the other leaf being rockably secured to one vertical side of the said cutting tool carriage, a power transmitter for the cutting tool carriage outwardly positioned and aligned therewith on a horizontal plain, said power transmitter comprising a cylinder and piston rod, a gear rack and registering means for the gear, said rack and piston rod being secured to the cutting tool carriage, the rod to move the same toward and from the said turning axis of the chuck, a pair of leaf hinges rockably secured to their respective lower and vertical sides of the power transmitter and cutting tool carriage to maintain horizontal alignment thereof as the latter is moved toward and from said turning axis, the hydraulic pump as actuating means for the piston rod while the racks pinion will register a degree of movement of the cutting tool carriage, a leaf hinge having one of its ends secured tothe under side of the power transmitter in such a Way as to rock on a horizontal plain, while its other end is rockably carried on the outer end of said arm for vertical movement and also for a degree of movement on a horizontal plain selectively, and means to secure the same rigid against further movement. JOI-IN L. BETZEN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,874,266 Ferris Aug. 30, 1932 2,007,563 De Koning July 9, 1935 1,638,086 Carter Aug. 9, 1927 

